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Czech cases and prepositions



Jdu I go
s Janem with Jan
na pivo for beer
do hospody to the pub


czech prepositions




The main Czech prepositions

Some prepositions have two forms: v and ve.
The second (vocalized) form is used for easy pronunciation:
ve Vídni (in Vienna), ve středu (on Wednesday).

do
always with Genitive

jdu do hospody I go to the pub
jdu do školy I go to school
jdu do parku I go to the park
jedu do Prahy I'm going to Prague
jedu do Česka I'm going to the Czech Republic

v(e)
always with Locative

jsem v hospodě I am in the pub
jsem ve škole I am at school
jsem v parku I am in the park
jsem v Praze I am in Prague
jsem v Česku I am in the Czech Republic


pozor
An exception are the days of the week and the time (accusative):
v neděli on Sunday
ve středu on Wednesday
v jednu hodinu at one o'clock




na
The preposition na is used very often in Czech. Take a look at the examples:

with Accusative

jedu na týden na dovolenou i go on vacation for a week
prášek na praní detergent
jezdit na kole cycling


with accusative (WHERE?)

jdu na pivo, kávu I'm going for beer, coffee
jdu na metro, vlak I'm going to the subway, to the train
jdu na poštu I go to the post office
jedu na Slovensko I'm going to Slovakia


with Locative (WO?)

jsem na poště I am at the post office
jsem na Slovensku I'm in Slovakia



z(e)
always with Genitive

jsem z USA I am from the USA
jsem z Austrálie I'm from Australia
to je ze skla It is made of glass







bez(e)
always with Genitive

bez mléka without milk
beze mne without me

s(e)
always with Instrumental

mluvím s doktorem I'm talking to the doctor
čaj s rumem tea with rum
káva se šlehačkou coffee with whipped cream
se mnou with me







pro
always with Accusative

to je pro doktora this is for the doctor

k(e)
always with Dative

jdu k doktorovi I go to the doctor
jdu ke Karlovi I go to Charles

u
always with Genitive

jsem u doktora I am at the doctor

od
always with Genitive

od pátku do neděle from Friday to Sunday
to je dárek od Petra this is a gift from Petr





o
with Locative (about)

mluvím o doktorovi I'm talking about the doctor


sometimes with Accusative

o rok starší a year older

před(e)
with Instrumental (Time)

před hodinou an hour ago
před rokem a year ago


with Accusative (Where I go?)

jdu před dům I'm going in front of the house


with Instrumental (Where I am?)

jsem před domem I'm in front of the house

za
with Accusative (Time)

za hodinu in an hour
za rok in a year


with Accusative (for)

děkuji za dárek thank you for the gift


mit Accusative (Where I go?)

jdu za dům I go behind the house


mit Instrumental (Where I am?)

jsem za domem I am behind the house




Czech Grammar

conjugation of Czech verbs

the most important Czech verbs

Czech cases and prepositions

plural in Czech

Czech numbers

date in Czech

time in Czech

Czech adjectives

Czech pronouns

Czech personal pronouns in all cases

Czech constuktion with aby

grammar tools

Czech grammar - menu

online exercises on grammar


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